Bailaor na Sevillian Antonio Canales mai sanya hoto, mashahurin mawaƙa a duniya Joaquin Cortes; María Rosa García García, wanda aka fi sani da suna Yarinyar Pastori; shahararriyar María Dolores Amaya Vega, ko Magungunan Amaya; muryar mai karfi ta Carmen Linares mai sanya hoto; Tsintsiya, kuma babban mawaki Jose Mercé, babu shakka gumaka ne na flamenco na Mutanen Espanya. Amma, idan ba ku saba da waɗannan ba Kiɗan Mutanen Espanya, kuna iya tambaya, su wanene? Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin mafi girma wakilan flamenco na shekaru 50 da suka gabata.
Menene flamenco da cante jondo?
Flamenco ya fi nau'in kida da yawa. Magana ce ta al'ada da ta bayyana a Andalusia, Spain. Ya ƙunshi ba kawai ba raira waƙa (waƙa), amma kuma taɓa (guitar) da dancing. Duk da haka, ainihin ainihin sa yana samuwa a cikin Wakar Flamenco. Wannan nau'in waƙa yana bambanta ta wurin wasan kwaikwayo mai zurfi da kuma ikon bayyana ainihin jin zafi, farin ciki da baƙin ciki. Yana magana ne da jigogi kamar su tumɓuke, mutuwa, soyayya da kaddara. Babban mawallafi na flamenco, kamar waɗanda aka ambata, sun kammala wannan fasaha ta hanyar kawo Cante Jondo zuwa matakai a duniya.
Tarihin Cante Jondo da manyan abubuwan da suka faru na flamenco
Don fahimtar abin da Cante Jondo yake da kuma dangantakarsa da flamenco, dole ne mu koma ga babban taron flamenco na farko da aka gudanar a 1922. Ita ce Gasar Cante Jondo, wani muhimmin taron da ya faru a ranar 13 da 14 ga Yuni a Granada, Spain, a cikin Corpus Christi. Wannan gasa, da wasu mawallafa irin su mawaƙi Federico García Lorca da mawaƙa Manuel de Falla suka tallata, sun nemi kiyaye tsaftar mafi tsufa na flamenco a daidai lokacin da wannan fasaha ta fara zamanantar da ita.
Nasarar gasar ta nuna alamar kafin da kuma bayan, ƙaddamar da flamenco a matsayin mafi yawan wakilcin al'adun Mutanen Espanya, ba kawai a cikin Spain ba amma na duniya. Tun daga nan, Flamenco ya ci gaba da girma, rarrabuwa, amma koyaushe yana kiyaye tushen sa a cikin ginshiƙai guda uku: raira waƙa, rawa da wasan guitar..
Alamar alama ta flamenco
Na gaba, za mu sake nazarin wasu daga cikin fitattun mutane a cikin flamenco, jakadu na gaskiya na wannan fasaha a Spain da kasashen waje.
Tsibirin Tsubirin
José Monje Cruz, da aka sani da fasaha kamar Tsibirin Tsubirin, An haife shi a San Fernando a cikin 1950. An dauke shi daya daga cikin masu fasaha mafi tasiri a tarihin flamenco. A tsawon aikinsa, ya hada kai da manyan mutane irin su Paco de Lucia, wanda tare da wanda ya rubuta ƙwararrun ƙwararru waɗanda suka ɗauki flamenco zuwa matakan da ba a taɓa gani ba. Fannin ku Ni gypsy ne, wanda aka saki a cikin 1989, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun masu siyarwa a tarihin flamenco.
Yarinyar da Combs
Pastora Pavón, sananne kamar yadda Yarinyar da Combs, shine wani daga cikin almara na flamenco. An haife shi a Seville kuma tun yana ƙarami ya nuna gwaninta mara misaltuwa a cikin wuraren waƙa. An san ta don ta ƙware kusan duk salon flamenco, daga soleá zuwa tangos da peteneras. A cikin 1999, an ayyana rikodin rikodin sa Kadara na Interest Al'adu na Al'adun Andalusian, sanin tasirinsa akan flamenco.
Jose Mercé
Tare da fiye da shekaru 50 na aiki, Jose Mercé ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu fafutuka na flamenco na zamani, kiyaye al'adar Cante Jondo da rai yayin da yake bincika sabbin fusions tare da sauran nau'ikan kiɗan. An haife shi a Cádiz a cikin 1955, ya fara yin rikodin kundi tun yana ƙarami, koyaushe yana kasancewa da aminci ga tushen flamenco, amma yana samun manyan nasarorin kasuwanci a duk rayuwarsa.
Sauran shahararrun masu fasaha na flamenco
- Antonio Canales mai sanya hoto: Wannan dan wasan Sevillian ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan mutane masu tasiri a fagen rawar flamenco na zamani.
- Yarinyar Pastori: María Rosa García tana ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙa waɗanda suka san yadda ake haɗa flamenco da sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan pop, suna sarrafa isa ga masu sauraro.
- Joaquin Cortes: Shahararren mawaƙin mawaƙa kuma ɗan rawa wanda ya sauya salon rawan flamenco tare da sabon salon sa, wanda ya kai ga manyan matakai na duniya.
- Carmen Linares mai sanya hoto: Ma'abuciyar murya ta musamman, an san ta saboda iyawarta na yada motsin rai na waƙar flamenco.
Flamenco fasaha ce da ta dawwama tsawon shekaru, kuma masu fasaha da aka ambata wasu ne kawai daga cikin waɗanda suka ba da gudummawar kiyaye wannan kyakkyawar magana ta al'adu. Daga ’yan rawa maza da mata har zuwa mawaƙa da mawaƙa, kowane ɗayan ya bar alamarsa a kan wannan fasaha, yana kiyaye ainihin sa amma kuma yana ba shi damar haɓakawa da haɗuwa da wasu nau'ikan da ke jan hankalin matasa masu sauraro.
Idan kuna son ƙarin koyo game da flamenco, babu wata hanya mafi kyau fiye da halartar wasan kwaikwayo. A flamenco tablaos a cikin birane kamar Seville, Madrid da Granada, zaku iya fuskantar da farko tsananin ƙarfin zuciya da sha'awar flamenco a cikin mafi kyawun tsari. Hakanan zaku sami rikodin daban-daban ta shahararrun masu fasaha da aka ambata, ana samun su akan dandamali na kiɗa kuma suna ba ku damar jin daɗin kyan gani da rikitarwa na flamenco daga ko'ina cikin duniya.
Flamenco ba kiɗa ba ne kawai ko rawa. Ita ce bayyana tarihi, al'adu da al'ada na musamman wanda ya iya ƙarfafa dukan tsararraki, kuma wanda zai ci gaba da yin haka, ya kasance mai dacewa a tsawon shekaru.